The corkscrew willow (Salix matsudana ‘Tortuosa’) is a unique and captivating tree known for its twisted, curling branches that resemble corkscrews. This distinctive feature makes it a stunning focal point in gardens, particularly in winter when its silhouette is fully revealed. However, to maintain its beauty and health, regular pruning is essential. Here’s everything you need to know about pruning a corkscrew willow.
Why Prune a Corkscrew Willow?
Corkscrew willows are fast-growing and can reach up to 10 meters in height. Over time, they tend to age (« vergreisen »), leading to brittle branches and a loss of their compact, ornamental form. Pruning helps:
- Maintain the tree’s shape and health.
- Prevent overcrowded or weak growth.
- Revitalize aging trees and encourage fresh, vigorous shoots.
Pruning also keeps willows in pots manageable, as they grow faster in confined spaces.
When to Prune
The ideal time for pruning is in late winter or early spring (November to early March). Avoid major pruning during the growing season, as heavy cutting between March 1 and September 30 is restricted by the Federal Nature Conservation Act in Germany.
For most trees in gardens, pruning every 3–5 years is sufficient. Potted willows, however, benefit from pruning every 2 years to keep their size under control.
How to Prune a Corkscrew Willow
1. Regular Maintenance Pruning
- Remove unhealthy branches: Cut out dead, diseased, or crossing branches to prevent competition and improve airflow.
- Thin the crown: Remove up to one-third (or at most half) of the oldest, darkest branches to encourage new growth. Cut these back to the base or a main branch.
2. Rejuvenation Pruning
If the tree becomes overgrown or loses its structure after 15–20 years, a radical cut may be necessary:
- Cut all branches back to 10 cm above the base or main trunk. Though drastic, this rejuvenation encourages vigorous regrowth.
3. Pruning for a Tree-Like Shape
Corkscrew willows naturally grow as bushy, multi-stemmed trees. To create a “standard” tree with a clear trunk:
- Let the tree grow to 2.5–3 meters.
- Remove all lower side branches up to 2 meters.
- Trim the top to encourage crown branching.
Regularly remove new shoots on the trunk to maintain the shape.
Extra Tips for Success
- Use clean, sharp tools to avoid damaging the branches or spreading disease.
- Prune on dry, frost-free days to minimize stress on the tree.
- Keep potted corkscrew willows compact with more frequent and thorough pruning.
Why Corkscrew Willows Are Worth the Effort
With proper care, the corkscrew willow remains a showstopper in any garden. Its mesmerizing, twisted branches create a striking display year-round, especially in winter when the tree is bare. Whether grown in a garden or container, this resilient tree rewards you with its elegance when pruned regularly.
For more gardening tips and tricks, explore other plant care guides tailored to keep your outdoor space vibrant and healthy!